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Dig into Plants: Bee Balm

Bee Balm

Other Common Names: Wild Bee Balm, Wild Bergamot

Scientific Name: Monarda fistulosa ssp. fistulosa var. fistulosa

Native to Alabama: Yes

Monarch Butterfly

Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center
James L. Reveal

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Learn more about…

Basic Information
Classification Button
Maintenance
Adaptations Button
Plant ID
Life Cycle

Basic Plant Information
Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center
James L. Reveal

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  • I am a vasuclar plant with no woody stems above ground, so I am herbaceous.
  • I do not keep leaves year-round, so I am deciduous.
  • I die back in winter but regrow in spring for many seasons, so I am perennial.
  • I can grow 2 – 4 feet high and 2 – 3 feet wide.

Ecological Benefits
This plant provides food for:

Butterflies


Native Bees

Hummingbirds

Other Plants Found in Alabama with Similar Ecological Benefits:
Eastern Beebalm
(Monarda bradburiana)
Lemon Beebalm
(Monarda citriodora)
Basil Beebalm
(Monarda clinopodia)
Spotted Beebalm
(Monarda punctata)
Red Purple Beebalm
(Monarda russeliana)


Maintenance Notes
  • Dormant in winter.
  • Flowers can be cut for an indoor vase.
  • Can be an aggressive grower.
  • Cut plant back after hardest-killing frost.
  • Remove dead flower heads throughout season to prolong summer bloom.
  • When watering, hold hose to base of plant for a count of 5 seconds. Water should reach all roots.
  • Avoid sprinkling water on the leaves.
  • Requires average amount of water.
Average watering: water two times per week during the summer and once per week during the rest of the year.

Habitat Requirements
This plant prefers:

Full Sun
(6+ hours of sun per day)

Part Sun/ Shade
(2-6 hours of sun per day)

Average Watering
Well-drained, Clay,
or Moist Soil

Leaf, Flower, & Seed Identification
LEAF DESCRIPTION

USDA Plants Database
Patrick J Alexande
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Leaf Characteristics Chart (JPG)
Shape:
Lanceolate

Margin:
Serrate

Arrangement:
Opposite

Form:
Simple

Description:
up to 4-inch long leaves are gray-green in color; stems are square

FLOWER DESCRIPTION

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Flower Shapes Chart (JPG)
Color:
Pink, purple, red, white
Shape:
Tubular

Bloom Months:
June – September
Description:
fragrant; solitary pompom-like cluster of flowers on end of branch upon a whorl of leafy bracts; bilabiate (two-lipped) with narrow upper lip and broad lower lip
SEED DESCRIPTION
Minnesota Wildflowers Website
Peter M Dziuk
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Type:
Fruit – Dry Seed Pod
Description:
small, brown, elongate, round
Months in Seed:
Summer – Fall
Plant spreads by:
Seeds and Rhizomes/ Tubers/ Roots & Shoots

Seeds fall to the ground and each seed can create a new plant.
Underground rhizomes spread and create new clumps of plants.


Plant Life Cycle
Plant Life Cycle:

  • All plants start life as a seed.
  • The seed turns into a sprout when it grows roots.
  • The sprout becomes a seedling as grows a stem and leaves above the ground.
  • After the seedling becomes an adult plant it will grow flowers.
  • After the flowers finish blooming, each flower turns into a seed.
  • When the seeds fall down to the ground, the plant life cycle starts again.
  • Each seed can become a plant if it has the food, water and space that it needs to grow.
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ADDITIONAL RESOURCES FOR TEACHERS
Quick Fact Sheet
(Condensed Species Info)
QR Code
(Links to this Webpage)
Plant ID Sign (Text Only):
Ready as-is PDF
Plant ID Sign (Text Only):
Editable Word Doc
Plant ID Sign (With Picture):
Ready as-is PDF
Plant ID Sign (With Picture):
Editable Word Doc

INFORMATION SOURCES FOR THIS PLANT
Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center Logo
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Logo
Alabama Plant Atlas Logo
Alabama Butterfly Atlas Logo
Missouri Botanical Gardens Logo 2019